Air cargo transportation is a complex economic activity with high cost and high risk。It is an effective means to prevent and reduce air transport accident losses to insure with insurance companies and appropriately disperse and transfer business risks。At the same time, it is also conducive to the shipper and the consignee to obtain the loss compensation。
It can be said that the development of air transport is inseparable from the development of air transport insurance。Air transport requires aviation insurance, which promotes air transport and also brings its own development。
1. Aviation Insurance。
Aviation insurance is a general term used to cover all kinds of air and ground losses related to air transportation。Initially, aviation insurance was handled by the insurer's insurance department and accident insurance department。
With the rapid development of the world aviation industry, large insurers in the world have independent aviation insurance departments, specializing in dealing with various aviation insurance。
This is also determined by the technical characteristics of aviation insurance, as the insurer must be familiar with aviation expertise and knowledge of aviation law。
There are many types of aviation insurance, which are mainly divided into the following types according to the different insured。
First of all, with the air carrier as the insurer, including fuselage insurance, loss of use value insurance, passenger and baggage liability insurance, cargo and parcel liability insurance, aircraft third-party liability insurance。In addition, there are additional insurance, war and strike insurance。
Second, the owner or operator of the airport is the insured, and there is legal liability insurance for the owner or operator of the airport;
Third, where the aircraft manufacturer is the insured, there is product liability insurance。In addition, air passengers and crew can take out personal accident insurance。
Generally speaking, aviation insurance only refers to air transport insurance, and it is customary for air transport insurance to belong to inland transport insurance。
In the international insurance market, air transport insurance is usually a Marine transport policy with an "air clause" attached.。In addition, there are so-called "air all risks" clauses。
In other words, there are two basic types of air transport insurance: air transport liability insurance and air transport all insurance。Air transport insurance in principle applies to the provisions of land and air insurance。However, when Marine insurance is used, it is based on the Marine insurance clauses and supplemented by the aviation insurance clauses。
The contents of air transport insurance generally include the following。
(1) Scope of insurance liability。This includes losses caused by fire, aircraft collisions, aircraft accidents, and all hazards covered by other Marine insurance not suitable for the aviation insurer。
(2) Exclusion of liability。Delays in transport, defects in cargo, loss or damage caused by climate change, and other liabilities other than those not suitable for the aviation insurer, such as losses caused by war, are exclusions from aviation insurance。
(3) Warranty period。The warranty period of the air insurer's insurance is: from the time of delivery of the insured object to the carrier, at the time of arrival at the destination, and is maintained for a maximum of 48 hours after arrival at the destination。
(4) Insurance compensation。After the signing of the aviation insurance contract, if the insured property is lost due to the insured accident, it shall immediately submit a notarized application for compensation to the airline。Any claim made by the insurer shall be accompanied by a copy and photocopy of the above-mentioned claim and submitted to the insurer for inspection。Once it is confirmed that the insurer is responsible, payment shall be made in accordance with the contract。